How Heatwaves Are Affecting Women’s Menstrual Health

Heatwaves are no longer seen only as a trigger for heatstroke and exhaustion. Extreme heat during heatwaves can disturb the body’s hormone balance, making periods more painful or irregular while also increasing problems like dehydration and poor menstrual hygiene access, especially for vulnerable women.  

 Medical experts, WHO-based guidance are increasingly drawing attention to how extreme temperatures and prolonged exposure to high temperatures interfere with menstrual health, affecting cycle regularity, pain levels, and overall hormonal balance. This stress can worsen dehydration and indirectly affect menstrual health, particularly among women with limited access to safe drinking water and hygiene facilities. 

Dr. Vasundara Cheepurupalli, Senior Consultant Gynaecologist at KIMS Cuddles, Secunderabad, said the recent WHO-linked warnings on the impact of heatwaves on women’s menstrual health and drastic temperature fluctuations should be taken seriously. She noted that dehydration significantly worsens during heat exposure and stressed that public awareness of WHO guidelines is essential. 

According to her, “Whatever heat effects are there, unless adequate hydration and fluid intake is maintained, recovery and balance will not happen.” She explained that extreme heat can lead to hormonal fluctuations, sometimes delaying periods as the body enters a protective mode, reducing urination and altering normal functions. 

She also warned of potential long-term impacts such as PCOD and diabetes, describing them as part of broader systemic changes linked to repeated stress on the body. 

Dr. Cheepurupalli cautioned against relying only on coconut water, stating that while it is beneficial, it is not sufficient on its own. Instead, she recommended a broader hydration mix including fruits, juices, buttermilk, coconut water, and traditional options like “ganji.” 

She also debunked common myths, saying beliefs that hot water or fruits like papaya and pineapple improve menstrual cycles are unfounded. “Eating papaya during periods for a better cycle is a myth,” she said. 

Younger individuals and older age groups were identified as more vulnerable to heat-related menstrual disturbances. She added that skin dryness is often an early visible sign of dehydration stress. 

On menstrual hygiene, she noted that menstrual cups are effective but require proper knowledge of usage and maintenance, as improper handling can lead to infections and bacterial growth.